The deep sea hunt for the missing Malaysia Airlines jetliner will likely include cutting-edge sonar equipment when it ramps up again in October after the stormy southern hemisphere winter has passed, the Australian search leader said today.
The Australian Transport Safety Bureau, which oversees the recovery operation on Malaysia’s behalf, has been criticised by some deep-sea salvage experts for not choosing synthetic aperture sonar, or SAS, from the outset of the search for Flight 370 that began far off the west Australian coast in October last year.
With the standard side-scan sonar that has been used to scour half the search area so far, the sonar image of a seabed feature becomes less clear the farther it is away.
With SAS, the sonar image remains sharp regardless of the feature’s distance.
Martin Dolan, the bureau’s chief commissioner, said negotiations are underway to hire SAS equipment to add to a fourth ship that would join the search during the approaching summer, with the aim of combing the entire 120,000-square kilometre search area in the Indian Ocean by the middle of next year.
Only two ships have continued the search through the harsh winter months using standard side-scan sonar.
“Our preference would be to get synthetic if we can, but we can make use of conventional side-scan,” Dolan said. “The advantage of synthetic is that you can get greater resolution, so it helps in those areas that require closer examination,” he said.
Fugro Survey Pty Ltd, the Dutch underwater survey company hired by Australia to search for the plane that vanished on March 8 last year with 239 people aboard, has defended its use of traditional side-scan sonar.
Fugro search director Paul Kennedy has described SAS as developing technology with some questions about its reliability.
Critics fear that aircraft wreckage several hundred metres from traditional side-scan sonar transponders could be invisible.
Fugro points to its success in March in finding a 19th century ship wreck more than 300 metres from a sonar transponder as proof that their equipment works.
The search has covered more than 60,000 square kilometres of seabed, focusing on flat and featureless expanses where the expensive sonar equipment can be towed quickly with less risk of crashing into underwater mountains.